It is crucial to have a high-quality DNA that is free of contamination such as debris, protein, and RNA before performing a PCR, cloning, or https://www.mpsciences.com DNA sequencing. Purifying DNA is also known as DNA Isolation and is an essential step in molecular biology. This article will help you understand the fundamentals of DNA extraction and how to improve it for better results.

The first step in the process of purifying DNA is to prepare a solution that includes a mix of water and an alkaline buffer. This buffer makes DNA soluble, so it is easy to separate from other components in the sample. Once the DNA has been placed in an alkaline and water solution, it is then treated with chaotropic or detergents to break down cell membranes and nuclei, and release the DNA (cell lysis). RNase can be added to the sample to eliminate any DNA that has been contaminated.

The DNA is then separated by organic solvents such chloroform or phenol from the other components of the cell including proteins and fats. After the DNA is removed from the proteins and lipids, it can be extracted using ethanol or isopropyl alcohol (rubbing alcohol).

Spectrophotometry and Gel Electrophoresis can be used to determine the quality of DNA. A good quality DNA sample must have a ratio of absorbance ranging from 260 nm to the range of 280 nm. 1.8. A low ratio may indicate an issue with the protein binding process or carryover of salt from wash or bind buffers.